Rural Livelihood Transformations and Land Inequality in Bangka

  • Westi Utami National Land College
  • M. Nazir Salim National Land College
  • Kistie Lendra Octora National Land College
  • Kholfa Anisa National Land College
Keywords: Land Inequality, Land tenure, Land ownership, Livelihood transformations

Abstract

Since the Dutch colonial era, Bangka Belitung Province has been a rich province due to its abundanttin mining resources. However, the limitation of tin availability and the extraordinary environmental degradation caused by mining has changed people’s lives. This study aims to determine the level of land ownership inequality and the factors that influence such inequality. In addition, this study also describes the transformation causes of the livelihoods of the majority of the population in Bangka. This research was conducted through descriptive quantitative analysis, and the data was obtained through a survey of 140 head of households whowork as farmers or work as a farm labourers in Bangka and West Bangka. Analysisof land ownership inequality is done through the Gini index ratio measured using the Lorenz curve. The results of a study conducted on 140 respondents in Bangka and Bangka Barat show that the level of land ownership inequality reaches 0.45. Several things have an effect on the level of inequality. First, most of Bangka regions, almost 3/4 the areas have mining permits. Second, there has been a large-scale expansion of oil palm plantations and a lot of Cultivation Rights Permits/HGU. Third, most of the areas outside the mining and the cultivation rights permits are forest areas. The results of the study also show that the majority of the community shifted from miners to farmers due to limited tin sources and low tin prices. The high level of inequality in land ownership and the shifting of community’s main jobs can certainly affect the economic growth which is getting weaker and widening the inequality.

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Regulations
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 1967 Tentang Ketentuan-Ketentuan Pokok Pertambangan
Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintah Daerah
Undang undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 78 Tahun 2010 tentang Reklamasi dan Pasca Tambang
Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 Tentang Reklamasi dan Penutupan Tambang
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Peraturan Daerah Pemerintah Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pengelolaan Pertambangan Mineral
SK Gubernur Bangka Belitung Nomor 540/40/DPE tanggal 18 Januari 2016 tentang Penghentian Sementara Operasional KK dan KIP di wilayah Laut Deniang, Teluk Kelabat, dan Laut Tempilang
CROSSMARK
Published
2021-02-02
DIMENSIONS
How to Cite
Utami, W., Salim, M. N., Octora, K. L., & Anisa, K. (2021). Rural Livelihood Transformations and Land Inequality in Bangka. BHUMI: Jurnal Agraria Dan Pertanahan, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.31292/jb.v5i3.383

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