Model-Model Pendekatan Partisipatif Dalam Sistem Informasi Geografi
Abstract
Abstract: The participatory approach in decision making and the implementation of activities that directly or indirectly relate to the public interest has become a new stream of current research. Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS), Public Participation Geographic Information System (PPGIS), Collaborative Geographic Information System (CGIS), Participatory Mapping (PM), Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and Crowdsourcing Spatial Data (CSD) are terms that are commonly used in scientif ic publications that focus on the public’s knowl edge in geospatial science and technology. These terms are increasingly emerging since the adoption of Web 2.0 technology. Reviews of these terms are increasingly widespread and also cause overlap in their use. This article aims to discuss the def inition, method, quality of output and implementation of these terminologies and outline in brief as an enrichment reference to encourage the potential of research themes related to participatory approaches and community knowledge. A literature review is applied to achieve the objectives of this article. The results obtained from this study are the similarity and the difference in the models of participatory-based approach to the object of this research. The similarity is an effort to utilize other people in solving problems. Whereas the differences found lies in the location, time, and design of the participant meeting strategy.
Keywords: PGIS, PPGIS, PM, Collaborative GIS, VGI, Crowdsourcing.
Intisari: Pendekatan partisipatif di dalam pengambilan keputusan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan-kegiatan yang secara langsung atau tidak langsung berhubungan dengan kepentingan publik telah menjadi arus baru penelitian-penelitian terkini. Sistem Informasi Geografi Partisipatif (SIG-P), Sistem Informasi Geografi Partisipasi Publik (SIG-PP), Sistem Informasi Geograf i Kolaboratif (SIG-K), Pemetaan Partisipatif (PP), Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) dan Crowdsourcing data spasial merupakan istilah-istilah yang sering digunakan dalam publikasi ilmiah yang berfokus pada ilmu dan teknologi geospasial. Istilah tersebut semakin banyak muncul semenjak penerapan teknologi Web 2.0. Ulasan mengenai istilah-istilah tersebut menimbulkan tumpang tindih dalam pemakaiannya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas def inisi, metode, kualitas luaran dan implementasi dari terminologi-terminologi tersebut dan menguraikan secara ringkas sebagai pengayaan referensi untuk mendorong potensi tema-tema penelitian terkait pendekatan partisipatif dan pengetahuan masyarakat. Tinjauan pustaka digunakan sebagai satu pendekatan untuk meraih tujuan dari artikel ini. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah adanya kesamaan dan perbedaan pada model-model pendekatan berbasis partisipatif pada objek penelitian. Persamaanya adalah adanya pemanfaatan orang lain dalam menyelesaikan persoalan. Sedangkan perbedaannya terletak pada lokasi, waktu, dan rancangan strategi pertemuan partisipannya.
Kata Kunci: SIG-P, SIG-PP, SIG Kolaboratif, PP, VGI, Crowdsourcing
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References
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