RANTAI PENJELAS KONFLIK-KONFLIK AGRARIA YANG KRONIS, SISTEMIK, DAN MELUAS DI INDONESIA
Keywords:
agrarian conflicts, market, agrarian capitalism.
Abstract
Abstract: The article offers an framework to identify causes, effects, perpetuating conditions, and structural roots of agrarian
conflicts. Systemic agrarian conflicts were defined as everlasting contradictory claims on who had the rights over access to lands,
natural resources, and territories between rural community and concession holders in the business of plantation, forestry,
mining, infrastructure, etc. The conflicting claims are perpetuated by significant efforts to delegitimize the existence of others’
claims. Being different from various mainstream analysis promoting global market as opportunity, I prefer to use what Ellen M.
Wood notion of “market-as-imperative”. Using the illustration of the expansion of oil palm plantation in Indonesia, the article
shows the consequence of global capitalist markets to the emergence of the agrarian conflicts.
Keywords: agrarian conflicts, market, agrarian capitalism.
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References
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terhadap Masyarakat Adat di Indonesia.
Jakarta: UNDP.
Somers, Margaret R. 2008. Genealogies of Citizenship:
Markets, Statelessness and the Right
to Have Rights. Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press.
Wood, Ellen Meiksins. 1994. “From Opportunity
to Imperative: The History of the Market”.
Monthly Review 46(3).
____. 1995, Democracy against Capitalism: Renewing
Historical Materialism, Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
____. 1999a, “Horizontal Relations: A Note on
Brenner’s Heresy”, Historical Materialism,
4(1): 171–9.
____. 1999b, “The Politics of Capitalism”, Monthly
Review, 51(4): 12–26.
____. 2001. “Contradiction: Only in Capitalism?”,
in The Socialist Register 2002, edited by Leo
Panitch and Colin Leys, London: Merlin
Press.
____. 2002a. The Origin of Capitalism. A Longer
View. London, Verso.
____. 2002b, “The Question of Market Dependence”,
Journal of Agrarian Change, 2: 50–87.
____. 2009, “Getting What’s Coming to Us: Capitalism
and Social Rights”, Against the Current,
140: 28–32.
Masyarakat Adat: Trend Legislasi Nasional
tentang Keberadaan dan Hak-hak Masyarakat
Adat atas Sumber Daya Alam di Indonesia
(1999-2009). Kertas Kerja EPISTEMA
No. 07/2010
Arendt, Hannah. 1951 (1968). The Origins of Totalitarianism.
New York: Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich.
Colchester, M., Jiwan, N., Sirait, M.T., Firdaus,
A.Y., Surambo, A. & Pane, H. ( 2006). Promised
Land: Palm Oil and Land Acquisition
in Indonesia - Implications for Local Communities
and Indigenous Peoples (published
by Forest People Programme (FPP), Sawit
Watch, HUMA, World Agroforestry Centre
(ICRAF) - SEA.
Davis, Mike. 2006. Planet of Slums. New York:
Verso.
De Angelis, Massimo. 1999. “Marx’s Theory of
Primitive Accumulation: A Suggested Reinterpretation.”
University of East London.
Available online at http://
homepages.uel.ac.uk/M.DeAngelis/
PRIMACCA.htm (Unduh terakhir tanggal
04 Oktober 2012).
____. 2007. The Beginning of History: Value
Struggles and Global Capital. London, Pluto
Press
Fauzi, Noer. 1999. Petani dan Penguasa. Dinamika
Perjalanan Politik Agraria Indonesia.
Yogyakarta, Pustaka Pelajar bekerjasama
dengan Insist Press dan Konsorsium Pembaruan
Agraria.
Hall, Derek, Philip Hirsch, dan Tania Li. 2011.
Powers of Exclusion: Land Dilemmas in
Southeast Asia. Singapore and Manoa: NUS
Press.
Harvey, David. 2003. The New Imperialism. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
____. 2004. “The ‘New’ Imperialism: Accumulation
by Disposession.” in Socialist Register
2004, edited by L. Panitch and C. Leys. New
York: Monthly Review Press.
____. 2005. A Brief History of Neoliberalism.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Indonesian Commercial Letter. 2011. “Indonesian
Commercial Letter, July 2011” http://
www.datacon.co.id/Sawit-2011Kelapa.html
(Unduh terakhir tanggal 04 Oktober 2012).
____. 2011. From Reformasi to Institutional
Transformation: A strategic Assessment of
Indonesia’s Prospects for Growth, Equity and
Democratic Governance. Harvard Kennedy
School Indonesia Program, Harvard, USA.
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian,
2011. Masterplan Percepatan dan
Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia
2011-2025. Jakarta: Kementerian Koordinator
Bidang Perekonomian, 2011 .
Kesby, Alison. 2012. The Right to Have Rights:
Citizenship, Humanity, and International
Law, Oxford University Press,.
Kloppenburg, Jack. 2010. “Impeding dispossession,
enabling repossession: biological open
source and the recovery of seed sovereignty”.
Journal of Agrarian Change 10:3 (July): 367-
388.
Ollman, Bertell. 2008. “Why Dialectics? Why
Now?”, Dialectics for the New Century. Edited
by Bertell Ollman dan Tony Smith.
Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
Perelman, Michael. 2000. The Invention of Capitalism:
Classical Political Economy and the
Secret History of Primitive Accumulation.
Durham: Duke University Press.
Polanyi, Karl. 1967 (1944). The Great Transformation:
The Political and Economic Origins
of Our Time. Boston: Beacon Press.
____. 2001 (1944) The Great Transformation: The
Political and Economic Origins of Our Time.
Boston: Beacon Press.
Rachman, Noer Fauzi. 2012a. “Masyarakat Adat
dan Perjuangan Tanah-Airnya”. Naskah
kuliah dalam rangka Kongres Aliansi
Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN). Tobelo,
20 April 2012. http://
www.kongres4.aman.or.id/2012/05/
masyarakat-adat-dan-perjuangan-tanahairnya.
asp (Terakhir diunduh pada 10 Maret
2013).
____. 2012b. “Masyarakat Adat dan Perjuangan
Tanah-Airnya”. Kompas 11 Juni 2012.
Rachman, Noer Fauzi dan Swanvri. 2012. “Pasarsebagai-
Keharusan: Sebab Struktural
Konflik Agraria”. Sawit Watch Journal.
Vol.1:43-54.
Ribot, Jesse dan Nancy Lee Peluso. 2003. “A
Theory of Access”. Rural Sociology 68(2):153-
81.
Safitri, Myrna A. 2010. “Legislasi Hak-hak Masyarakat
atas Tanah dan Kekayaan Alam dalam
Peraturan Perundang-undangan Nasional
Indonesia: Model, Masalah, dan Rekomendasi”,
dalam Masa Depan Hak-hak Komunal
atas Tanah: Beberapa Gagasan untuk
Pengakuan Hukum: Rekomendasi Kebijakan.
Universiteit Leiden dan BAPPENAS,
hal 15-35.
Sawit Watch. 2012. “Menerka Luasan Kebun
Sawit Rakyat” http://sawitwatch.or.id/2012/
07/menerka-luasan-kebun-sawit-rakyat/
(Unduh terakhir tanggal 04 Oktober 2012).
Saich, Anthony, David Dapice, Tarek Masoud,
Dwight Perkins, Jonathan Pincus, Jay
Rosengard, Thomas Vallely, Ben Wilkinson,
and Jeffrey Williams. 2010. Indonesia
Menentukan Nasib: dari Reformasi ke
Transformasi Kelembagaan. Jakarta: Penerbit
Buku Kompas.
Simarmata, Ricardo. 2006. Pengakuan Hukum
terhadap Masyarakat Adat di Indonesia.
Jakarta: UNDP.
Somers, Margaret R. 2008. Genealogies of Citizenship:
Markets, Statelessness and the Right
to Have Rights. Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press.
Wood, Ellen Meiksins. 1994. “From Opportunity
to Imperative: The History of the Market”.
Monthly Review 46(3).
____. 1995, Democracy against Capitalism: Renewing
Historical Materialism, Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
____. 1999a, “Horizontal Relations: A Note on
Brenner’s Heresy”, Historical Materialism,
4(1): 171–9.
____. 1999b, “The Politics of Capitalism”, Monthly
Review, 51(4): 12–26.
____. 2001. “Contradiction: Only in Capitalism?”,
in The Socialist Register 2002, edited by Leo
Panitch and Colin Leys, London: Merlin
Press.
____. 2002a. The Origin of Capitalism. A Longer
View. London, Verso.
____. 2002b, “The Question of Market Dependence”,
Journal of Agrarian Change, 2: 50–87.
____. 2009, “Getting What’s Coming to Us: Capitalism
and Social Rights”, Against the Current,
140: 28–32.
CROSSMARK
Published
2018-04-30
DIMENSIONS
How to Cite
Rachman, N. F. (2018). RANTAI PENJELAS KONFLIK-KONFLIK AGRARIA YANG KRONIS, SISTEMIK, DAN MELUAS DI INDONESIA. BHUMI: Jurnal Agraria Dan Pertanahan, (37), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.31292/jb.v0i37.148
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